ATOS比例溢流閥AGMZO-A-10/100維修方法和技術(shù)要求

ATOS比例溢流閥AGMZO-A-10/100液壓裝置中容易產(chǎn)生噪聲的元件一般認為是泵和閥，閥中又以溢流閥和電磁換向閥等為主。產(chǎn)生噪聲的因素很多。溢流閥的噪聲有流速聲和機械聲二種。流速聲中主要由油液振動(dòng)、空穴以及液壓沖擊等原因產(chǎn)生的噪聲。機械聲中主要由閥中零件的撞擊和磨擦等原因產(chǎn)生的噪聲。
（1）壓力不均勻引起的噪聲
先導型溢流閥的導閥部分是一個(gè)易振部位如圖3所示。在高壓情況下溢流時(shí)，導閥的軸向開(kāi)口很小，僅0.003～0.006厘米。過(guò)流面積很小，流速很高，可達200米/秒，易引起壓力分布不均勻，使錐閥徑向力不平衡而產(chǎn)生振動(dòng)。另外錐閥和錐閥座加工時(shí)產(chǎn)生的橢圓度、導閥口的臟物粘住及調壓彈簧變形等，也會(huì )引起錐閥的振動(dòng)。所以一般認為導閥是發(fā)生噪聲的振源部位。
由于有彈性元件（彈簧）和運動(dòng)質(zhì)量（錐閥）的存在，構成了一個(gè)產(chǎn)生振蕩的條件，而導閥前腔又起了一個(gè)共振腔的作用，所以錐閥發(fā)生振動(dòng)后易引起整個(gè)閥的共振而發(fā)出噪聲，發(fā)生噪聲時(shí)一般多伴隨有劇烈的壓力跳動(dòng)。
（2）空穴產(chǎn)生的噪聲
當由于各種原因，空氣被吸入油液中，或者在油液壓力低于大氣壓時(shí)，溶解在油液中的部分空氣就會(huì )析出形成氣泡，這些氣泡在低壓區時(shí)體積較大，當隨油液流到高壓區時(shí)，受到壓縮，體積突然變小或氣泡消失；反之，如在高壓區時(shí)體積本來(lái)較小，而當流到低壓區時(shí)，體積突然增大，油中氣泡體積這種急速改變的現象。氣泡體積的突然改變會(huì )產(chǎn)生噪聲，又由于這一過(guò)程發(fā)生在瞬間，將引起局部液壓沖擊而產(chǎn)生振動(dòng)。先導式溢流閥的導閥口和主閥口，油液流速和壓力的變化很大，很容易出現空穴現象，由此而產(chǎn)生噪聲和振動(dòng)。AGMZO-A-10/100/Y 20 

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